Blood Compatibility of Titanium-Based Coatings Prepared by Metal Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this work the suitability of some Tibased coatings as coating for blood-contacting implants is analyzed. Layers of pure Ti, Ti nitride, Ti oxynitrides (TiN1-xOx with x = 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) and Ti oxides were deposited from a plasma produced by cathodic arc evaporation under addition of N2 and/or O2. The oxynitrides are crystalline with the fcc structure of TiN up to x = 0.25. For x = 0.5 a two-phase system of fcc TiN and fcc TiO has been found. In dependence on the deposition parameters, amorphous and crystalline layers (anatase + brookite, or rutile) of TiO2 have been obtained. The rutile layers were doped by implantation of P. To study the correlation between coating structure and blood compatibility, the clotting time of blood plasma as well as the adhesion and activation of blood platelets on the surface was investigated. TiN and oxynitrides showed the longest clotting time compared to rutile. Minimum platelet adhesion has been observed for TiO2. Contrasting tendencies in the dependence of clotting time and platelet adhesion on the microstructure have been stated. However, for P-doped rutile both enhanced clotting time and improved platelet adhesion were observed. Platelet adherence and activation always showed similar trends.
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